![]() Despite the fact that PCMs may store and release a large amount of energy when they change phases, they have a low thermal conductivity. PCMs have been used in a variety of applications, including building thermal management 1, 2, 3, solar collectors 4, thermal energy storage 5, 6, 7, 8 and other applications such as space equipment 9, 10, electronic cooling 11, and the packaging industry 12. PCMs have been integrated with a variety of technical applications, most notably for thermal energy storage TES. The Maximum value of the Bejan number was observed for the case of Ha = 0, α = 90° and φ = 0.08. Reducing Ha from 100 to 0 increased Nu by 14%. The results indicated that the maximum heat transfer rate is observed when the hot elliptic obstacle is oriented at 90° an increment of 6% in the Nu number is obtained in this orientation compared to other orientations. The influence of Reynolds number (Re 1–500), Hartmann number (Ha = 0–100), NEPCM volumetric fraction φ (0–8%), and elliptical obstacle orientation α (0–3π/4) on thermal fields and flow patterns are introduced and analyzed. The Galerkin Finite Element Method was used to solve the system's governing equations. The upper cavity wall is moving at a constant velocity both inclined walls are cold, while the rest of the walls are insulated. This research investigates magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection of NEPCM contained within a lid-driven trapezoidal prism enclosure containing a hot-centered elliptical obstacle. Recently, Nano-encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCM) have attracted the attention of researchers due to their promising application in thermal management.
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